By Blake Jackson
Although this winter brought stretches of bitter cold, early March has turned unexpectedly warm across Kentucky. According to Matt Dixon, meteorologist with the University of Kentucky Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture, Food and Environment’s Ag Weather Center, average temperatures from March 1-14 were more than 12°F above normal. These warmer conditions have prompted many plants, including winter wheat, to break dormancy earlier than usual.
In fact, much of the state’s wheat crop has likely progressed to the jointing stage, meaning the developing spike has moved above the soil surface. This stage, known as Feekes 6, is particularly sensitive to freezing conditions.
Forecasts for the night of March 16 into the early hours of March 17 indicate temperatures could fall below 24°F statewide levels that have historically been associated with potential crop damage if sustained for at least two hours.
However, newer research suggests the risk may not be as severe as once believed. Dixon, along with UK Extension agronomist Carrie Knott, recently introduced updated guidelines indicating that freeze damage is unlikely when average daily temperatures for the two days before and after a freeze remain above 32°F.
Data shows that temperatures leading up to and following this event meet that threshold, reducing the likelihood of widespread injury to wheat fields.
Even so, growers are encouraged to monitor their crops closely. Signs of freeze damage may begin to appear about a week after the event, though clearer symptoms typically develop within two weeks. Careful field scouting is essential to assess crop health and potential yield impacts.
Farmers who suspect damage should consult local Extension agents or specialists for guidance. Timely evaluation can help determine the best management decisions moving forward.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-dleonis
Categories: Kentucky, Crops, Wheat