By Blake Jackson
Researchers at the University of Kentucky are working to combat Fusarium head blight (FHB), a serious disease threatening hemp crops nationwide.
FHB, caused by Fusarium fungi, attacks hemp seed heads and flowers, impacting yield and quality.
This research is crucial as hemp gains traction in grain, fiber, and cannabinoid production. Ensuring product quality and safety, especially for hemp used in animal feed, is a top priority.
Early findings suggest the same Fusarium species affecting hemp also cause head blight in wheat and barley. This raises concerns about potential cross-infection between hemp and these crops, particularly in areas where both are grown.
"Our preliminary findings suggest that crop rotations involving hemp and wheat need to be reconsidered," says Nicole Gauthier, hemp extension plant pathologist. "The risk of Fusarium spreading between these crops could impact both yields and quality."
Another challenge: Early infections can occur months before symptoms appear, making detection difficult.
“Infections can begin long before symptoms are noticeable, which makes early detection difficult,” Gauthier said. “But it also means there’s a window for intervention that could prevent the disease from spreading further.”
A significant concern is the production of mycotoxins like DON and T-2 by Fusarium fungi. These toxins harm human and animal health, posing a threat to the hemp animal feed market.
"Hemp used in animal feed must be free of mycotoxins," Gauthier emphasizes. "Our research confirms their presence in Fusarium-infected hemp, highlighting the need for further investigation."
Researchers also suspect Fusarium contamination could persist in stored hemp, impacting quality after harvest.
“It’s looking like Fusarium can survive in stored hemp, impacting product quality even after harvest,” Gauthier said. “This highlights the importance of careful post-harvest management.”
The research team is working towards developing Fusarium-resistant hemp cultivars and exploring potential fungicide treatments.
There are currently no approved fungicides for this disease in hemp, nor are there resistant cultivars. However, the UK Hemp Research program is laying the groundwork for these solutions.
For more information, visit the UK Hemp Research program website at hemp.ca.uky.edu.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-fatcamera
Categories: Kentucky, Crops, Education