By Blake Jackson
The University of Kentucky, in collaboration with Kansas State University, Virginia Tech, and the Federal University of Viçosa in Brazil, has been awarded a significant grant to study the fungus Fusarium graminearum.
This international research project aims to develop innovative tools to combat the devastating effects of this pathogen on corn and wheat crops.
Fusarium graminearum is responsible for Gibberella ear rot (GER) in maize and Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat.
These diseases cause substantial yield losses and contaminate grains with harmful mycotoxins, posing a threat to human and animal health.
"Our research is particularly focused on the maize side of Fusarium graminearum's lifecycle,” said Lisa Vaillancourt, primary investigator and UK Martin-Gatton Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment plant pathology professor. “Understanding how this pathogen adapts and thrives on corn will be crucial for developing strategies to manage its spread and reduce its impact on both maize and wheat crops."
The research objectives include:
- Genome sequencing and comparative analysis to identify genetic loci associated with host adaptation.
- Population dynamics and host selection studies to understand the pathogen's evolution in response to different hosts and agricultural practices.
- Controlled crosses and genetic characterization to identify genetic regions associated with aggressiveness and toxigenicity.
Given the increasing prevalence of GER in North America, the research will focus on understanding F. graminearum's behavior in maize.
By studying the pathogen's lifecycle and impact on corn, researchers aim to develop effective management strategies.
This research has significant implications for farmers and the economy. By understanding the genetic diversity and adaptive strategies of the pathogen, researchers can develop better disease forecasting and control methods.
This will benefit farmers by enhancing disease prediction and mitigation, ultimately reducing economic losses.
The goal is to identify genetic markers for high-risk Fusarium strains. This will enable the development of advanced surveillance and prediction tools, empowering growers to manage disease epidemics more effectively.
Improved pathogen monitoring will contribute to sustainable agriculture and reduce the impact of these devastating diseases on global food security.
The researchers are currently gathering isolates for genome sequencing and preparing for comprehensive analysis.
The four-year project will involve detailed genomic comparisons, field experiments, and controlled crosses to achieve its objectives.
"Our ultimate goal is to equip farmers with the knowledge and tools they need to effectively manage Fusarium graminearum,” Vaillancourt said. “By understanding the genetic and environmental factors that drive this pathogen's evolution, we can develop more precise and sustainable disease management practices, safeguarding both crop yields and food safety for future generations."
Photo Credit: university-of-kentucky
Categories: Kentucky, Crops, Corn, Wheat, Education